Romania – RO

EU regions: Romania

Indicator	Period	Value
Labour market policy
public expenditure on labour market policies as % of GDP	2020	0.103
public expenditure on active labour market policies	2020	0.034
Life long learning
life long learning participation	2022	5.4
Precarious work
percentage of employees ususally working on Sunday	2021	8.5
percentage of employees ususally working at nights	2021	5.4
percentage of employees with temporary contracts	2023q2	2.2
Part time jobs and flexible employment
working hours on full time job	2023q2	39.8
percentage of workers usually working from home	2022	1.4
percentage of part time workers	2023q2	3.23
percentage of part time workers, men	2023q2	3.52
percentage of part time workers, women	2023q2	2.84
Minimum and average wage
share of salaries on GDP	2023q2	38.1
minimum monthly was as aproportion of average monthly earnings in industry and services	2021	48.3
monthly minimum wage in €	2023q3	604.41
monthly minimum wage in PPS	2023q3	1052.86
annual net earnings of a full-time single worker without children earning an average wage in PPS	2022	16 316
Gender differences
gender pay gap	2021	3.6
employment of mothers of more than 3 children	2022	35
healthy life expectancy of men vs. women	2021	99.19
gender gap in employment rate	2023q2	76.33
gender gap in unemployment rate	2023q2	84.48
Graduates and young people
unemployment rate of youth with elementary education	2023q2	37.7
unemployment rate of youth with secondary education	2023q2	15.6
unemployment rate of youth with tertiary education	2022q4	22.9
NEET	2023q2	19.7
Gross domestic product
GDP per capita in PPS of EU average	2021	74
Payable interest of public debt as % od GDP	2022	1.2
Employment
employment rate	2023q2	63
Social exclusion
people at risk of poverty or social exclusion	2020	30.4

More on wikipedia wikidata Q218 on OpenStreetMap Romania slovensky: RO

Subregions: Macroregiunea Unu, Macroregiunea Doi, Macroregiunea Trei, Macroregiunea Patru

Unemployment

Indicator	Period	Value
Unemployment
unemployment rate	2023q2	5.4
youth unemployment rate	2023q2	21.2
unemployment rate of low educated people	2023q2	15
Long term unemployment
long term unemployment	2023q2	2.2
share of long term unemployed	2023q2	39.7

Composition of population according to age group, education and economic activity, Romania

Age group	Low education	Middle education	High education
Y20-29	P: 350.8 E: 153.7; U: 40.6; I: 156.5	P: 1319.8 E: 674.1; U: 88.1; I: 557.6	P: 301.9 E: 232.3; U: 15.3; I: 54.3
Y30-39	P: 444.9 E: 215.5; U: 37.3; I: 192.1	P: 1400.8 E: 1150.9; U: 51.5; I: 198.4	P: 675.5 E: 627.8; U: 9.1; I: 38.6
Y40-49	P: 541.6 E: 289.1; U: 39.5; I: 213.0	P: 1745.8 E: 1464.7; U: 51.7; I: 229.4	P: 656.9 E: 634.8; U: 5.6; I: 16.5
Y50-59	P: 428.8 E: 198.6; U: 21.7; I: 208.5	P: 1867.0 E: 1377.6; U: 52.8; I: 436.6	P: 343.9 E: 315.4; U: 1.3; I: 27.2
Y60-69	P: 647.4 E: 71.7; U: 6.4; I: 569.3	P: 1491.6 E: 268.1; U: 5.8; I: 1217.7	P: 207.5 E: 69.9; U: 0.7; I: 136.9

Note: in thousands in 2022, according to labour force sample survey. P – total population, E – employed, U – unemployed, I – number of ecnomically inactive

Demographics

Indicator	Period	Value
Demographics
number of inhabitants	2022	19 042 455
population density	2022	81.6
old-age dependency ratio	2022	30.3
Population ageing
unemployment rate – over 55 years	2023q2	3.3
aggregate replacement ratio	2022	0.52
aggregate replacement ratio – females	2022	0.52
life expectancy of a 50 year old	2021	25.5
healty life expectancy at 50 years	2021	12.3

Employment by sectors, Romania

NACE r2		%	NACE r2		%
A	878.4	11 %	B-E	1797.7	23 %
F	765.2	10 %	G-I	2129.2	27 %
J	201.8	3 %	K	115.1	1 %
L	25.2	0 %	M_N	434.9	6 %
O-Q	1241.6	16 %	R-U	217.3	3 %
TOTAL	7806.5	100 %

Data for the period year 2022. Source of the data is Eurostat, table [lfst_r_lfe2en2].

From Wikipedia:

Romania ( (listen) ro-MAY-nee-ə; Romanian: România [romɨˈni.a] (listen)) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the southeast, Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, and Moldova to the east. It has a pred­ominantly temperate-continental climate. With a total area of 238,397 square kilometres (92,046 sq mi), Romania is the 12th largest country and also the 7th most populous member state of the European Union, having almost 20 million inhabitants. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, and other major urban areas include Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, Iași, Constanța, Craiova, and Brașov.

The River Danube, Europe's second-longest river, rises in Germany's Black Forest and flows in a general southeast direction for 2,857 km (1,775 mi), coursing through ten countries before emptying into Romania's Danube Delta. The Carpathian Mountains, which cross Romania from the north to the southwest, include Moldoveanu Peak, at an altitude of 2,544 m (8,346 ft).

Modern Romania was formed in 1859 through a personal union of the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. The new state, officially named Romania since 1866, gained independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1877. Following World War I after declaring its neutrality in 1914, when Romania fought on the side of the Allied powers starting with 1916, Bukovina, Bessarabia, Transylvania as well as parts of Banat, Crișana, and Maramureș became part of the sovereign Kingdom of Romania. In June–August 1940, as a consequence of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact and Second Vienna Award, Romania was compelled to cede Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union, and Northern Transylvania to Hungary.

Other: Serbia, Romania

Neighbours: Bulgaria, Serbia, Hungary

Subregions: Macroregiunea Unu, Macroregiunea Doi, Macroregiunea Trei, Macroregiunea Patru

Suggested citation: Michal Páleník: EU regions - Romania – RO, IZ Bratislava, retrieved from: https://www.iz.sk/​en/projects/eu-regions/RO

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