Romania – RO

EU regions: Romania

Indicator	Period	Value
Labour market policy
public expenditure on labour market policies as % of GDP	2020	0.103
public expenditure on active labour market policies	2020	0.034
Life long learning
life long learning participation	2024	8.9
Precarious work
percentage of employees ususally working on Sunday	2023	8.4
percentage of employees ususally working at nights	2023	5.5
percentage of employees with temporary contracts	2025q1	1.6
Part time jobs and flexible employment
working hours on full time job	2025q1	37.6
percentage of workers usually working from home	2024	1.2
percentage of part time workers	2025q1	2.42
percentage of part time workers, men	2025q1	2.93
percentage of part time workers, women	2025q1	1.74
Minimum and average wage
share of salaries on GDP	2025q1	50.9
minimum monthly was as aproportion of average monthly earnings in industry and services	2023	50
monthly minimum wage in €	2025q1	814
monthly minimum wage in PPS	2025q1	1340
annual net earnings of a full-time single worker without children earning an average wage in PPS	2024	20 823
Gender differences
gender pay gap	2023	3.8
employment of mothers of more than 3 children	2024	25.6
healthy life expectancy of men vs. women	2023	94.07
gender gap in employment rate	2025q1	75.46
gender gap in unemployment rate	2024	87.72
Graduates and young people
unemployment rate of youth with elementary education	2024	35.1
unemployment rate of youth with secondary education	2025q1	19.5
unemployment rate of youth with tertiary education	2025q1	16.4
NEET	2024	17
Gross domestic product
GDP per capita in PPS of EU average	2023	78
HICP inflation	June 2025	5.8
Payable interest of public debt as % od GDP	2024	2.3
Employment
employment rate	2025q1	62.7
Social exclusion
people at risk of poverty or social exclusion	2020	30.4
job vacancies rate	2025q1	0.6

More on wikipedia wikidata Q218 on OpenStreetMap Romania slovensky: RO

Subregions: Macroregiunea Unu, Macroregiunea Doi, Macroregiunea Trei, Macroregiunea Patru

Unemployment

Indicator	Period	Value
Unemployment
unemployment rate	2024	5.4
youth unemployment rate	2024	23.9
unemployment rate of low educated people	2025q1	19.1
Long term unemployment
long term unemployment	2024	1.8
share of long term unemployed	2024	33.4

Composition of population according to age group, education and economic activity, Romania

Age group	Low education	Middle education	High education
Y20-29	P: 374.8 E: 161.5; U: 37.6; I: 175.7	P: 1220.5 E: 622.9; U: 70.1; I: 527.5	P: 269.0 E: 205.6; U: 12.7; I: 50.7
Y30-39	P: 504.8 E: 237.6; U: 48.2; I: 219.0	P: 1324.0 E: 1087.6; U: 49.7; I: 186.7	P: 588.5 E: 550.4; U: 7.9; I: 30.2
Y40-49	P: 558.1 E: 303.5; U: 41.6; I: 213.0	P: 1707.1 E: 1444.5; U: 52.2; I: 210.4	P: 615.4 E: 593.6; U: 5.2; I: 16.6
Y50-59	P: 454.0 E: 214.6; U: 23.8; I: 215.6	P: 1910.1 E: 1436.4; U: 55.1; I: 418.6	P: 357.1 E: 328.7; U: 2.2; I: 26.2
Y60-69	P: 648.6 E: 73.1; U: 8.1; I: 567.4	P: 1527.0 E: 293.8; U: 6.6; I: 1226.6	P: 208.5 E: 74.9; U: 0.1; I: 133.5

Note: in thousands in 2023, according to labour force sample survey. P – total population, E – employed, U – unemployed, I – number of economically inactive

Demographics

Indicator	Period	Value
Demographics
number of inhabitants	2024	19 067 576
population density	2023	81.4
old-age dependency ratio	2024	31.2
Population ageing
unemployment rate – over 55 years	2025q1	3.8
aggregate replacement ratio	2024	0.46
aggregate replacement ratio – females	2024	0.46
life expectancy of a 50 year old	2023	28.9
healty life expectancy at 50 years	2023	13.2

Employment by sectors, Romania

NACE r2		%	NACE r2		%
A	884.6	11%	B-E	1724.5	22%
F	839.9	11%	G-I	2195.8	28%
J	206.7	3%	K	98.5	1%
L	24.5	0%	M_N	465.8	6%
O-Q	1204	15%	R-U	209.2	3%
TOTAL	7853.3	100%

Data for the period year 2024. Source of the data is Eurostat, table [lfst_r_lfe2en2].

From Wikipedia:

Romania ( (listen) ro-MAY-nee-ə; Romanian: România [romɨˈni.a] (listen)) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the southeast, Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, and Moldova to the east. It has a pred­ominantly temperate-continental climate. With a total area of 238,397 square kilometres (92,046 sq mi), Romania is the 12th largest country and also the 7^th most populous member state of the European Union, having almost 20 million inhabitants. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, and other major urban areas include Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, Iași, Constanța, Craiova, and Brașov.

The River Danube, Europe's second-longest river, rises in Germany's Black Forest and flows in a general southeast direction for 2,857 km (1,775 mi), coursing through ten countries before emptying into Romania's Danube Delta. The Carpathian Mountains, which cross Romania from the north to the southwest, include Moldoveanu Peak, at an altitude of 2,544 m (8,346 ft).

Modern Romania was formed in 1859 through a personal union of the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. The new state, officially named Romania since 1866, gained independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1877. Following World War I after declaring its neutrality in 1914, when Romania fought on the side of the Allied powers starting with 1916, Bukovina, Bessarabia, Transylvania as well as parts of Banat, Crișana, and Maramureș became part of the sovereign Kingdom of Romania. In June–August 1940, as a consequence of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact and Second Vienna Award, Romania was compelled to cede Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union, and Northern Transylvania to Hungary.

Other: Serbia, Romania

Neighbours: Bulgaria, Serbia, Hungary

Subregions: Macroregiunea Unu, Macroregiunea Doi, Macroregiunea Trei, Macroregiunea Patru

Suggested citation: Michal Páleník: Europe and its regions in numbers - Romania – RO, IZ Bratislava, retrieved from: https://www.iz.sk/​PRO, ISBN: 978-80-970204-9-1, DOI:10.5281/zenodo.10200164

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